初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)梳理－賓語(yǔ)從句附答案

1、賓語(yǔ)從句知識(shí)梳理：提綱挈領(lǐng)，抓住重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)！1在句中擔(dān)當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)的從句叫賓語(yǔ)從句，賓語(yǔ)從句可作謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)，也可做介詞的賓語(yǔ)。egHesaidhewasgoodatdrawing.(動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ))HeaskshimhowlongMikehasbeendown.(動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ))MissZhangisangryatwhatyousaid.(介詞賓語(yǔ))2賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞有三類：(1)以that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，主要用來(lái)引導(dǎo)句形式的賓語(yǔ)從句，that可以省

2、略。egTheradiosays(that)thecloudswillliftlateron.Shetoldme(that)shewouldliketogowithus.(2)以連接代詞whichwhatwho等或連接副詞howwherewhy等引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，從句是陳述語(yǔ)序egCouldyoutellmewhat’sthematterwithuIwanttoknowhowsoonitwillbegin.(3)以whether或if引導(dǎo)

3、的賓語(yǔ)從句主要用來(lái)引導(dǎo)一般疑問(wèn)句意思或選擇疑問(wèn)句意思的賓語(yǔ)從句，從句同樣是陳述語(yǔ)序egIwonderifwhetheruhavetoldthenewtoLiLei.3賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)(1)當(dāng)主句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)、或一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，從句可用所需要的任何時(shí)態(tài)。egIwanttoknowwhattimehegotupthismning.Youaretellingmethatyouwon’tstopuntiltomrow(2)當(dāng)主句為

4、一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，從句要用于過(guò)去有關(guān)的時(shí)態(tài)。egTheyaskedwhatJeanwasdoingnow.Lindasaidthatthetrainhadleft.(3)當(dāng)從句表述的是客觀真理或自然現(xiàn)象時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句要使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。egLisaaskedwhetherlighttravelsfasterthansound.Pollysaidnonewsisagoodnews注意：一般情況下，whether和if可以互用，但有些情況例外。1

5、.當(dāng)從句做介詞的賓于是只用whether不用ifegWearetalkingaboutwhetherwe’llgoonthepinic.2.引導(dǎo)詞與動(dòng)詞不定式或not連用時(shí)，只用whether.egPleaseletmeknowwhattodonext.Couldyoutellmewhetherugonot3.if當(dāng)如果講時(shí)，引導(dǎo)的是條件狀語(yǔ)從句，這時(shí)不能用whether.egYoucan’twktheplanoutifyoudon’t

6、havethemeeting.例題解析：舉一反三，學(xué)的更輕松！1.Theteacheraskedthestudents________.A.iftheywereinterestedindinosaursB.whenwasAlbertEinsteinbnC.whattheywilldowiththecomputersD.howmanytreestheyhaveplanted解析：賓語(yǔ)從句中從句應(yīng)保持陳述語(yǔ)序，答案B首先刪去，主句一般過(guò)去式

7、，從句要用于過(guò)去有關(guān)的時(shí)態(tài)，刪去答案C和D答案A中的if意為如果.應(yīng)選A2.Couldyoutellme_______A.whatthematteriswithyouB.whatwasthematterwithyouC.hat’sthematterwithyouD.what’sthewrongwithyou.解析：what就是從句的主語(yǔ)，what’sthematterwithyou本身就是陳述語(yǔ)序，因此刪掉A主句可看作是委婉的請(qǐng)求，并是

8、一般過(guò)去式，可刪去答案Bwrong前不用加the因此此題選C.3.Heaskedme_______Icouldsingthesong“MyHeartwillGoOn.”A.ifB.weatherC.whatD.that解析：此句應(yīng)選含有疑問(wèn)意思的關(guān)系代詞，故刪去D；weather意為天氣，根據(jù)句意應(yīng)選A.4.Ourteachertoldusthatthemoon_________roundtheearth.A.wentB.turnedC

9、.goD.turns解析：從句是一個(gè)客觀真理，因此從句的時(shí)態(tài)不受主句影響。應(yīng)選D5.Itmakesnodifference__________.A.whetherwillyoucometomrow.B.WhethernotwillbepasstheexamC.IfhewillcometothemeetingnotD.Whetherhewillcometothemeetingnot解析：答案A和B從句不是陳述語(yǔ)序先刪掉if不能與not連用

10、。因此此題選D6.Theydon’tknow_______theirparentsare.A.thatB.whatC.whyD.which解析：what表示職業(yè)，因此選B.7.Iamsure_______yousaidistrue.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.who解析：根據(jù)句意應(yīng)用what做said的內(nèi)容，你所說(shuō)的話。應(yīng)選A.8.Theoldmantoldus_______________.A.todowhattodoh

11、owB.whattodoithowtodoitC.whattodohowtodoitD.whattodohowtodo解析：疑問(wèn)詞what即連接不定式，又做do的賓語(yǔ)；而在how引導(dǎo)的不定式短語(yǔ)中，how表示方式，do為及物動(dòng)詞，因此需接賓語(yǔ)才正確應(yīng)選C練習(xí)與鞏固：熟能生巧，取得好成績(jī)！1.DoyouknowwhentheWldCup________nextweekNextFriday.Whenit________Iwillringyo

12、u.A.beginsbeginsB.beginswillbeginC.willbeginwillbeginD.willbeginbegins2.TodaytomrowWhatareyoutalkingaboutWearetalkingabout_______togiveatalkonWTO.A.howB.whereC.whenD.what3.Iwonder_________.A.wheredoesheliveB.whereheliveC

13、.heliveswhereD.wherehelives4.AreyousureyouhavetoItsbeenverylate.Idontknow_____Icandoitifnotnow.A.whereB.whyC.whenD.how5.Wouldyoupleasetellme_________InasmallvillagenearNiingbo.A.wherewasyourmotherbnB.whereyourmotherwasbn

14、C.whenwasyourmotherbnD.whenyourmotherwasbn6.Thephotographwillshowyou________.A.whatdoesourvillagelooklikeB.whatourvillagelookslikeC.howdoesourvillagelooklikeD.howourvillagelookslike7.Canyouguessifthey_______toplaybasketb

15、allwithusIthinktheyllcomeifthey_________free.A.willcomewillbeB.willcomeareC.comeareD.comewillbe8.WheredoeshecomefromPardonIaskedwhere_________.A….didhecomefromB.hecamefromC.hecomesfromD.doeshecomefrom9.Shewondered_______

16、___.A.howmuchhecostthecomputerB.howmuchhepaidfthecomputerC.howmuchthecomputerwillcosthimD.howmuchdidhespendonthecomputer10.Doyouknow________Imnotsure.Maybeheisabusinessman.A.whoheisB.whoisheC.whathedoesD.whatdoeshedo15DC